Go by Example: URL Parsing

URLs provide a uniform way to locate resources. Here’s how to parse URLs in Go.
	package main
	import "fmt" import "net/url" import "strings"
	func main() {
We’ll parse this example URL, which includes a scheme, authentication info, host, port, path, query params, and query fragment.	s := "postgres://user:pass@host.com:5432/path?k=v#f"
Parse the URL and ensure there are no errors.	u, err := url.Parse(s) if err != nil { panic(err) }
Accessing the scheme is straightforward.	fmt.Println(u.Scheme)
`User` contains all authentication info; call `Username` and `Password` on this for individual values.	fmt.Println(u.User) fmt.Println(u.User.Username()) p, _ := u.User.Password() fmt.Println(p)
The `Host` contains both the hostname and the port, if present. `Split` the `Host` manually to extract the port.	fmt.Println(u.Host) h := strings.Split(u.Host, ":") fmt.Println(h[0]) fmt.Println(h[1])
Here we extract the `path` and the fragment after the `#`.	fmt.Println(u.Path) fmt.Println(u.Fragment)
To get query params in a string of `k=v` format, use `RawQuery`. You can also parse query params into a map. The parsed query param maps are from strings to slices of strings, so index into `[0]` if you only want the first value.	fmt.Println(u.RawQuery) m, _ := url.ParseQuery(u.RawQuery) fmt.Println(m) fmt.Println(m["k"][0]) }

Running our URL parsing program shows all the different pieces that we extracted.

$ go run url-parsing.go 
postgres
user:pass
user
pass
host.com:5432
host.com
5432
/path
f
k=v
map[k:[v]]
v

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