Go by Example: Non-Blocking Channel Operations

Basic sends and receives on channels are blocking. However, we can use select with a default clause to implement non-blocking sends, receives, and even non-blocking multi-way selects.

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
	messages := make(chan string)
	signals := make(chan bool)

Here’s a non-blocking receive. If a value is available on messages then select will take the <-messages case with that value. If not it will immediately take the default case.

	select {
	case msg := <-messages:
		fmt.Println("received message", msg)
	default:
		fmt.Println("no message received")
	}

A non-blocking send works similarly.

	msg := "hi"
	select {
	case messages <- msg:
		fmt.Println("sent message", msg)
	default:
		fmt.Println("no message sent")
	}

We can use multiple cases above the default clause to implement a multi-way non-blocking select. Here we attempt non-blocking receives on both messages and signals.

	select {
	case msg := <-messages:
		fmt.Println("received message", msg)
	case sig := <-signals:
		fmt.Println("received signal", sig)
	default:
		fmt.Println("no activity")
	}
}
$ go run non-blocking-channel-operations.go 
no message received
no message sent
no activity

Previous example: Timeouts.

Next example: Closing Channels.